Hubungan Antara Mual Muntah Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pada Anak Yang Mendapatkan Kemoterapi Di Rsup Dr. Sardjito

Ami Novianti Subagya; Sri Hartini; Laela Ramadhani; Namira Adzkia Hanifah Putri

doi:10.54867/jkm.v13i2.343

Authors

Ami Novianti Subagya
ami.novianti.s@mail.ugm.ac.id
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Sri Hartini Universitas Gadjah Mada
Laela Ramadhani Universitas Gadjah Mada
Namira Adzkia Hanifah Putri Universitas Gadjah Mada

Keywords:

Children, Cancer, Chemotherapy, Quality of Life, Nausea and Vomiting

Abstract

Background: Nausea and vomiting are common chemotherapy-related adverse effects in children that can cause discomfort and negatively affect quality of life. However, evidence regarding the relationship between nausea and vomiting and quality of life among school-aged children undergoing chemotherapy, particularly in Indonesian pediatric oncology settings, remains limited. Objective: To determine the relationship between nausea and vomiting and quality of life among children undergoing chemotherapy at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. Methods: This quantitative, non-experimental study used a correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 61 children undergoing chemotherapy were recruited using consecutive sampling. Nausea and vomiting were assessed using the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching (RINVR), while quality of life was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.0 Cancer Module. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Spearman rank test. Results: Most children experienced moderate nausea and vomiting (49.2%), with a mean quality-of-life score of 61.40 ± 11. A significant negative correlation was found between nausea and vomiting and quality of life (p < 0.05; r = −0.329). Conclusion: Routine assessment and management of these symptoms are therefore recommended to help maintain and improve children's quality of life.

References

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 2020. World Cancer Report 2020. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available at: https://publications.iarc.fr/Non-series-Publication/World-Cancer-Reports/World-Cancer-Report-2020

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) .2020. The Global Cancer Observatory: All Cancer [Internet]. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available at: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/39-all-cancers-factsheet.pdf

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan. 2023. Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 dalam Angka. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

Anggreini, M.S. and Supit, D.M., 2022. Kualitas Hidup Anak dengan Kanker menggunakan Penilaian Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. Sari Pediatri, 24(3), pp.151-6.

Saputri, D.A., Wahyudi, T. and Musta'in, M.I., 2025. Hubungan Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Dan Faktor Pendidikan Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Anak Penderita Kanker Yang Menjalani Kemoterapi. Jurnal Pustaka Keperawatan (Pusat Akses kajian Keperawatan), 4(2), pp.282-288.

Sari, M.K.W., Wahyudi, T. and Yudhianto, K.A., 2025. Hubungan Jenis Kanker dan Lama Pengobatan dengan Kualitas Hidup Anak Penderita Kanker di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Jurnal Pustaka Keperawatan (Pusat Akses kajian Keperawatan), 4(2), pp.426-431.

Naulia, R.P. and Saudi, L., 2023. Kualitas Hidup Anak Kanker. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(04), pp.312-319.

Potts, N.L. and Mandleco, B.L. 2012. Pediatric Nursing: Caring for Children and Their Families. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.

Bowden, V.R. and Greenberg, C.S. 2010. Children and Their Families: The Continuum of Care. 2nd edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Nurhidayah, I., Hendrawati, S., Mediani, H.S. and Adistie, F., 2016. Kualitas hidup pada anak dengan kanker. Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran, 4(1).

Handian, F.I. and Maria, L., 2018. Gambaran Kualitas Hidup Anak Dengan Kanker Di Wilayah Malang, Indonesia: The Quality of Life Children's With Cancer In Malang Area, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan (Scientific Journal of Nursing), 4(2), pp.83-87.

Ruggiero, A., Rizzo, D., Catalano, M., Coccia, P., Triarico, S. and Attiná, G., 2018. Acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children with cancer: Still waiting for a common consensus on treatment. Journal of International Medical Research, 46(6), pp.2149-2156.

Amalia, L.R. and Lismidiati, W., 2025. Faktor Penyebab Insiden Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV). Jurnal Mitrasehat, 15(1), pp.758-765.

Saraswati, A., Nurhidayah, I. and Lukitasari, D., 2018. Hubungan peran orang tua sebagai caregiver dengan kualitas hidup anak kanker di Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia (YKAKI) Bandung. Jurnal Kampus STIKES YPIB Majalengka, 6(2), pp.17-30.

Alencar, S.B.D., de Lima, F.M., Dias, L.D.A., Dias, V.D.A., Lessa, A.C., Bezerra, J.M., Apolinário, J.F. and de Petribu, K.C., 2019. Depression and quality of life in older adults on hemodialysis. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(2), pp.195-200.

Mediani, H.S., Hendrawati, S. and Fatimah, S. 2022. ‘Kualitas hidup anak dengan retardasi mental’, Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(4), pp. 2626–2641.

Ambrella, F.J., Utami, A. and Wisanti, E., 2021. Hubungan Kelelahan Terhadap Kualitas Hidup Anak Dengan Kanker Yang Menjalani Pengobatan. Medica Hospitalia, 8(3), pp.344-350.

Indra, R.L., Mufathuzzahra, H. and Daniati, M., 2022. Pencegahan Keluarga Pasien Kanker Terhadap Paparan Obat Kemoterapi. Jurnal kesehatan komunitas (Journal of community health), 8(3), pp.428-435.

Varni, J.W., Burwinkle, T.M., Katz, E.R., Meeske, K. and Dickinson, P., 2002. The PedsQL™ in pediatric cancer: reliability and validity of the pediatric quality of life inventory™ generic core scales, multidimensional fatigue scale, and cancer module. Cancer, 94(7), pp.2090-2106.

Janelsins, M.C., Tejani, M.A., Kamen, C., Peoples, A.R., Mustian, K.M. and Morrow, G.R. 2013. ‘Current pharmacotherapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients’, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 14(6), pp. 757–766.

Fan, J., Zhou, Y., Bai, G., Chu, X., Di, J. and Yu, L. 2025. ‘Risk factors associated with anticipatory nausea and vomiting in children receiving chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study’, Supportive Care in Cancer, 33(11), pp. 1–8.

Shao, M., Li, Y., Qin, J., Zhou, Y., Sun, Y., Yang, P., Wang, X., Huang, C., Su, Y. and Zhao, W. 2025. ‘Fact-finding and risk factor analysis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in children with solid tumors: a prospective observational study’, BMC Pediatrics, 25(1), p. 84.

Hariyanto, B.E., Mantik, M.F.J. and Wahani, A. 2015. ‘Kejadian muntah pada penderita kanker yang menjalani pengobatan kemoterapi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado’, Journal e-Clinic, 3(3).

Saleh, M.S., Mohammed, A.M., Bassiouni, D., Mostafa, H.H. and Monir, Z.M., 2023. Evaluation of health-related quality of life and its domains in pediatric patients with cancer. Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute, 35(1), p.9.

Sudnawa, K.K., Yeepae, J., Photia, A., Rujkijyanont, P., Traivaree, C. and Monsereenusorn, C., 2022. The Reliability of the Thai version of Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire: PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module. Global Pediatric Health, 9, p.2333794X221092738.

Barrios, P., Enesco, I. and Varea, E., 2022. Emotional experience and type of communication in oncological children and their mothers: hearing their testimonies through interviews. Frontiers in psychology, 13, p.834312.

Likun, Z., Xiang, J., Yi, B., Xin, D. and Tao, Z.L., 2011. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of intravenous palonosetron in the prevention of chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in adults. The Oncologist, 16(2), pp.207-216.

Wood, G.J., Shega, J.W., Lynch, B. and Von Roenn, J.H., 2007. Management of intractable nausea and vomiting in patients at the end of life:“I was feeling nauseous all of the time... nothing was working”. Jama, 298(10), pp.1196-1207.

van den Brink, M., Been, R., Grootenhuis, M.A., van Gorp, M., Maaskant, J., Fiocco, M., Havermans, R.C., de Vos-Kerkhof, E., Tissing, W.J. and Brinksma, A. 2023. ‘Nausea and nausea-related symptoms in children with cancer: Presence, severity, risk factors and impact on quality of life during the first year of treatment’, EJC Paediatric Oncology, 2, p. 100128.

Filandy, L., Nurchayati, S. and Indriati, G. 2017. ‘Hubungan mual muntah dengan kualitas hidup pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi’, JOM Unri.

Lopes-Júnior, L.C., de Omena Bomfim, E., Nascimento, L.C., Pereira-da-Silva, G. and de Lima, R.A. 2015. ‘Teoria dos sintomas desagradáveis: subsídios para o manejo de sintomas em crianças e adolescentes oncológicos [Theory of unpleasant symptoms: support for the management of symptoms in children and adolescents with cancer]’, Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, 36(3), pp. 109–112.

StudyCorgi. 2020. 'The Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms'. 13 December